National average learning outcomes, 1970 to 2015

Average scores across standardized, psychometrically-robust international and regional student achievement tests. In order to maximize coverage by country, testshave been harmonized and pooled across subjects (math, reading, science) and levels (primary and secondary education).

197020151980199020002010JapanFinlandChileGermanySouth KoreaBurkina FasoPeruKenyaCote d'IvoireVenezuelaBotswanaFrance