National average learning outcomes vs. government expenditure per student, 2015

National average learning outcomes correspond to test scores across standardized, psychometrically-robust international and regional student achievement tests.Expenditure per student corresponds to general government spending in primary education divided by total primary enrollment. Spending is adjusted to account for pricedifferences between countries.

Government expenditure per primary student (PPP$)1001,00010,000Averageharmonisedlearningoutcome score0200400600IndiaIndiaUnited StatesUnited StatesIndonesiaIndonesiaBrazilBrazilDemocratic Republic of CongoDemocratic Republic of CongoFranceFranceTanzaniaTanzaniaSaudi ArabiaSaudi ArabiaMalaysiaMalaysiaGhanaGhanaYemenYemenMozambiqueMozambiqueGeorgiaGeorgiaKuwaitKuwaitNicaraguaNicaraguaAfricaAsiaEuropeNorth AmericaOceaniaSouth America1.2B1.2B400M400MDots sized byPopulation(historicalestimates)