Liberal democracy, 2021

Based on the criteria of the classification by Lührmann et al. (2018) and the assessment by V-Dem’s experts. Liberal democracies are understood here as politicalsystems that hold meaningful, free and fair, and multi-party elections, and their citizens have further individual rights, are equal before the law, and the legislative andthe courts constrain the executive.

No dataClosed autocracyElectoral autocracyElectoral democracyLiberal democracy
World

Source: OWID based on Lührmann et al. (2018); V-Dem (v13)

Note: The Chart tab uses numeric values, ranging from 0 for closed autocracies to 3 for liberal democracies.