Per capita energy consumption from renewables

Renewables is the sum of energy from hydropower, wind, solar, geothermal, wave and tidal, and bioenergy. Traditional biofuels are not included.

Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy (2023)

Note: 'Primary energy’ refers to energy in its raw form, before conversion into electricity, heat or transport fuels. It is here measured in terms of 'input equivalents' via the substitution method: the amount ofprimary energy that would be required from fossil fuels to generate the same amount of electricity from renewables.